Question 1

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to promote self-regulation in students?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mr. Adams knows that many students have trouble learning algebra. He spends the first few weeks of class having students engage in activities that will make algebraic concepts concrete and understandable.
B)   When assigning a lengthy research project, Mr. Barnett advises his students to break the project down into a number of smaller tasks and then to reinforce themselves after they complete each one.
C)   To build endurance, Mr. Carruthers asks his physical education students to run progressively longer distances each week.
D)   Mr. D'Amato asks his students to look in a mirror and write a poem about what they see.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Two boys are fighting on school grounds. Fighting is against school rules, and the boys know this. Even so, a teacher who sees them lets them continue to fight rather than punishing them for doing so. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, these boys will be:

Accepted Answer

A)   Less likely to fight in the future
B)   More likely to fight in the future
C)   Likely to feel guilty when they stop fighting
D)   Likely to imitate more appropriate social behaviors on future occasionsE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which one of the following best illustrates cognitive modeling?

Accepted Answer

A)   A science teacher thinks aloud, "How can I determine what makes this pendulum swing fast or slowly? Hmm, I'll change the amount of weight on the bottom, but I need to keep the length the same so I'll know that any change in speed isn't due to length."
B)   A dance teacher carefully describes every movement that students should make when doing a country line dance to the "Boot Scootin' Boogie."
C)   A Spanish teacher has students practice rolling their Rs by asking them to repeat this tongue twister over and over: "Erre con erre cigarro, erre con erre barril. Rápido corren los carros del ferrocarril."
D)   After showing his students how to use a jigsaw correctly and safely, an industrial arts teacher has them practice using the saw by constructing pig-shaped cutting boards they can bring home as gifts for Mother's Day.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Trudy makes an obscene gesture in class, and the teacher punishes her severely. Other students in class observe both the gesture and the punishment. Based on social cognitive theory, what can we guess about what those other students have learned and how they are likely to behave in the future?

Accepted Answer

A)   They don't know how to make the gesture, but they know that the teacher will punish them severely for inappropriate behavior.
B)   They know how to make the gesture, but they are likely to forget it within a few days.
C)   They know how to make the gesture and are likely to make it in class in the future.
D)   They know how to make the gesture, but they are unlikely to make it in class.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Listed below are four reasons why students might not want to take their schoolwork seriously or to try very hard to succeed at classroom tasks. Which one of these reasons is most clearly consistent with the concept of self-efficacy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anthony is more interested in goofing around with his friends.
B)   Bernice gets so nervous in the classroom that she "can't think straight."
C)   Carol doesn't believe she has the ability to do the work successfully.
D)   Danny thinks his teacher doesn't like him.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social cognitive theorists, the answer is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Yes. Self-efficacy is highest when students fail at a task several times in a row before accomplishing it successfully.
B)   Yes. Occasional failures interspersed among frequent successes teach students that perseverance pays off.
C)   No. Failure gives students the message that school is not an enjoyable place to be.
D)   No. Even a single failure can significantly deflate students' self-efficacy.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

When George attends the first day of an Advanced Placement class in biology, he thinks to himself, "This is going to be a really hard class. I don't know if I have what it takes to understand and remember all this stuff." Which one of the following concepts from social cognitive theory do George's misgivings best exemplify?

Accepted Answer

A)   self-reaction
B)   self-observation
C)   self-efficacy for learning
D)   self-efficacy for performanceE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which one of the following alternatives best describes the disinhibition effect that social cognitive theorists describe?

Accepted Answer

A)   People may engage in a previously prohibited behavior if they see someone else being reinforced for that behavior.
B)   People are less likely to engage in behaviors they have seen other people punished for.
C)   People are less likely to engage in behaviors they have previously been punished for.
D)   When people are punished for one behavior, they will tend to refrain from exhibiting that behavior; however, they will be more likely to engage in similar behaviors that are not punished.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Mark often comes to school wearing sandals instead of sneakers on days he has physical education. He is getting angry with himself regarding his chronic forgetfulness about appropriate footwear. His teacher suggests that he treat himself to an hour of television only on days when he has remembered to wear sneakers. Mark's teacher is suggesting that Mark use:

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-monitoring
B)   Self-reinforcement
C)   Vicarious reinforcement
D)   Intermittent reinforcementE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

In what way does the concept self-efficacy differ from such terms as self-concept and self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-efficacy refers only to those behaviors we learn through modeling.
B)   Self-efficacy results primarily from vicarious reinforcement and punishment.
C)   Self-efficacy varies depending on the specific task to be performed.
D)   Self-efficacy appears only after we begin to regulate our own behavior.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

A mother takes her daughter to the grocery store and slips a can of tuna into her purse, yet tells her daughter that she herself should never shoplift. Judging from what research tells us about "practicing versus preaching," is the daughter likely to shoplift on a later occasion?

Accepted Answer

A)   No.
B)   Yes.
C)   Yes, but only if she is suffering financial hardship.
D)   Yes, but only at a grocery store.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to promote resilient self-efficacy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ms. Angelotti has her students pronounce Comment allez vous? over and over until they can do so correctly.
B)   Mr. Benavidez makes sure that failure never occurs in his classroom; he limits his students' assignments to tasks he knows they can do easily and effortlessly.
C)   Mr. Coffin has students in a woodworking class use only hand tools while building a bookshelf.
D)   Ms. Davis assigns a variety of challenging math problems, knowing that her students will successfully solve most, but probably not all, of them.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Which one of the following alternatives illustrates the impact of an efficacy expectation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anita knows that her teacher will help her if she has trouble with her math problems.
B)   Brent is well aware that college admissions offices look at high school grades-but not middle school grades-when choosing students.
C)   Although Christina would like to be on the varsity softball team, she doesn't think she has sufficient talent to make the team, even with a lot of practice.
D)   David's parents must continually prod him to do his homework. Even so, he doesn't work very hard on homework assignments because he knows they won't count much toward his class grades.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

According to social cognitive theorists, learning is unlikely to occur in one of the following situations. Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anastasia watches her father light a match, but she is not allowed to light one herself.
B)   Bert watches professional basketball players shoot baskets, but he will not have a chance to shoot baskets himself until the following day.
C)   Corinna's teacher gives her a good grade on her paper because it was neatly written, but Corinna doesn't realize that "neatness counts."
D)   Dustin expects to get a good grade for an assignment, but his teacher tells him she is subtracting points because he is turning it in two days late.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Only one of the following definitely illustrates high self-efficacy. Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Amy knows she is a good singer.
B)   Berta swims the fastest butterfly stroke on the swim team.
C)   Carmen enjoys being with her friends.
D)   Darlene recently got a score of 120 on an intelligence test.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

An early theory of imitation, one proposed by Miller and Dollard in 1941, suggested that individuals:

Accepted Answer

A)   Form mental images of the behaviors they observe
B)   Are reinforced for imitative behavior
C)   Encode imitated behaviors verbally (i.e., by describing to themselves what they have observed) 
D)   Find imitation to be an intrinsically reinforcing activityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

If we consider the concept of reciprocal causation, we must conclude that students' experiences in the classroom are influenced:

Accepted Answer

A)   Primarily by what teachers do in the classroom
B)   Primarily by how students think about classroom material
C)   Both by classroom events and by what students themselves do
D)   Largely by things that have happened to students in the pastE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Social cognitive theorists propose that people often become increasingly self-regulating over time.
a. Explain what social cognitive theorists mean by the term self-regulation, and give a concrete explanation to illustrate your explanation.
b. Identify an activity or domain in which you might help someone else become increasingly self-regulating. Then describe two specific strategies you might use to promote that person's self-regulation. Your strategies should be based on concepts and/or principles that social cognitive theorists offer.

Accepted Answer

a. Social cognitive theorists define sel...

Question 19

Three of the following alternatives depict situations in which a teacher is facilitating the retention component of modeling. Which one does not depict such a situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   As he writes a capital J on the board, Mr. Anson tells his kindergartners, "To write a capital J, you make a fishhook with a line across the top."
B)   Mr. Byers suggests, "Let's play some background music while I show you how to use the dipstick to measure your oil level."
C)   Mr. Caruso says, "There are several critical steps involved in throwing a pot on the potter's wheel. Repeat these steps to yourself as you work so that you don't forget them."
D)   As he demonstrates how to throw a baseball correctly, Mr. Duffy says, "Now repeat these words as you throw the ball: back, up, thrust, release."E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Define the concept of vicarious reinforcement and give a concrete example to illustrate this concept in action. Also, describe the effect that vicarious reinforcement has on a person's behavior.

Accepted Answer

Vicarious reinforcement is a psychologic...

Exam 6: Social Cognitive Theory

Correct Answer
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Three of the following alternatives depict situations in which a teacher is facilitating the retention component of modeling. Which one does not depict such a situation?

Correct Answer
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Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social cognitive theorists, the answer is:

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following alternatives best describes the disinhibition effect that social cognitive theorists describe?

Correct Answer
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According to social cognitive theorists, learning is unlikely to occur in one of the following situations. Which one?

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following best illustrates cognitive modeling?

Correct Answer
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Only one of the following definitely illustrates high self-efficacy. Which one?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to promote resilient self-efficacy?

Correct Answer
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An early theory of imitation, one proposed by Miller and Dollard in 1941, suggested that individuals:

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following alternatives illustrates the impact of an efficacy expectation?

Correct Answer
verified

Trudy makes an obscene gesture in class, and the teacher punishes her severely. Other students in class observe both the gesture and the punishment. Based on social cognitive theory, what can we guess about what those other students have learned and how they are likely to behave in the future?

Correct Answer
verified

A mother takes her daughter to the grocery store and slips a can of tuna into her purse, yet tells her daughter that she herself should never shoplift. Judging from what research tells us about "practicing versus preaching," is the daughter likely to shoplift on a later occasion?

Correct Answer
verified

Define the concept of vicarious reinforcement and give a concrete example to illustrate this concept in action. Also, describe the effect that vicarious reinforcement has on a person's behavior.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Vicarious reinforcement is a psychologic...
View Answer

Two boys are fighting on school grounds. Fighting is against school rules, and the boys know this. Even so, a teacher who sees them lets them continue to fight rather than punishing them for doing so. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, these boys will be:

Correct Answer
verified

Listed below are four reasons why students might not want to take their schoolwork seriously or to try very hard to succeed at classroom tasks. Which one of these reasons is most clearly consistent with the concept of self-efficacy?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to promote self-regulation in students?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. Social cognitive theorists define sel...
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In what way does the concept self-efficacy differ from such terms as self-concept and self-esteem?

Correct Answer
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If we consider the concept of reciprocal causation, we must conclude that students' experiences in the classroom are influenced:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Social Cognitive Theory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following alternatives depict situations in which a teacher is facilitating the retention component of modeling. Which one does not depict such a situation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social cognitive theorists, the answer is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following alternatives best describes the disinhibition effect that social cognitive theorists describe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to social cognitive theorists, learning is unlikely to occur in one of the following situations. Which one?

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Which one of the following best illustrates cognitive modeling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only one of the following definitely illustrates high self-efficacy. Which one?

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Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following teaching strategies is most likely to promote resilient self-efficacy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An early theory of imitation, one proposed by Miller and Dollard in 1941, suggested that individuals:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following alternatives illustrates the impact of an efficacy expectation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Trudy makes an obscene gesture in class, and the teacher punishes her severely. Other students in class observe both the gesture and the punishment. Based on social cognitive theory, what can we guess about what those other students have learned and how they are likely to behave in the future?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mother takes her daughter to the grocery store and slips a can of tuna into her purse, yet tells her daughter that she herself should never shoplift. Judging from what research tells us about "practicing versus preaching," is the daughter likely to shoplift on a later occasion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define the concept of vicarious reinforcement and give a concrete example to illustrate this concept in action. Also, describe the effect that vicarious reinforcement has on a person's behavior.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIVicarious reinforcement is a psychologic...View AnswerShow Answer

Two boys are fighting on school grounds. Fighting is against school rules, and the boys know this. Even so, a teacher who sees them lets them continue to fight rather than punishing them for doing so. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, these boys will be:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Listed below are four reasons why students might not want to take their schoolwork seriously or to try very hard to succeed at classroom tasks. Which one of these reasons is most clearly consistent with the concept of self-efficacy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following strategies is most likely to promote self-regulation in students?

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Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIa. Social cognitive theorists define sel...View AnswerShow Answer

In what way does the concept self-efficacy differ from such terms as self-concept and self-esteem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we consider the concept of reciprocal causation, we must conclude that students' experiences in the classroom are influenced:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Vicarious reinforcement is a psychologic...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
a. Social cognitive theorists define sel...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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