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All of the following are examples of Herzberg's hygiene factors except


A) responsibility.
B) supervision.
C) pay.
D) working conditions.
E) job security.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Every year, Barbara and her boss sit down together and discuss what Barbara should accomplish for the next year. Barbara's boss takes time to meet with all his employees like this to motivate them to accomplish their objectives. These actions rely on


A) expectancy theory.
B) goal-setting theory.
C) equity theory.
D) Theory Y.
E) goal-motivation theory.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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The theory that people are motivated first to achieve and then to receive rewards in proportion to their contribution is called


A) reinforcement.
B) hierarchy of needs.
C) expectancy.
D) motivation.
E) equity.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Compare and contrast the assumptions about workers that would be held by a manager who uses Theory X and the assumptions about workers by a manager who uses Theory Y. Which of the two types of managers would you rather work for? Consider their management styles in your answer.

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A Theory X manager assumes that employee...

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The difference between part-time work and job sharing is that


A) a firm saves money by hiring part-timers to do full-time work by classifying them as part-time, but if they classify two part-timers as job sharing, they must pay them more than they would a part-time employee.
B) jobs that are classified as part-time are jobs that can be done in a shorter amount of time than that of a full-time job, whereas job sharing creates one full-time position out of two part-time employees.
C) part-timers work individually⎯they simply come to work, do their jobs, and leave⎯whereas people in job-sharing positions work more on teams.
D) part-time work requires people who have more skills than does job sharing, where one person can have certain skills, and the person he job shares with has skills he does not.
E) people in job-sharing positions still receive benefits because they are essentially filling a full-time position, while part-timers do not receive benefits.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Gina Robinson, Inc. (GRI) GRI management has decided to reinvent the culture of the organization. Previously, the company tried to make jobs more appealing by adding more responsibilities to each job description. However, this did not work. Next, the company decided to add flextim GRI then introduced even more work options for employees. For example, management decided to group all full-time employees into teams to allow employees with different backgrounds to learn from each other. Many different kinds of teams were allowed, as long as the group members did not interact via the Internet or any other electronic means. The managers reasoned that team members must work face to face to learn from and truly engage with each other. Once these teams were formed, GRI management noticed that the quality of employees' work was much improved. The managers also observed that people felt much more comfortable with and tolerant of each other. -Refer to Gina Robinson, Inc. What type of team did GRI management specifically restrict?


A) Virtuoso team
B) Problem-solving team
C) Virtual team
D) Cross-functional team
E) Self-managed team

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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At Chevrolet, teams of workers make their own job assignments, plan their own work, control their material and inventory needs, and select new team members. This is an example of job


A) switching.
B) redesign.
C) enrichment.
D) sharing.
E) rotation.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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All of the following are assumptions of Theory Y except


A) people will work toward goals to which they are committed.
B) work is an important part of people's lives.
C) managers must coerce and control workers to achieve organizational goals.
D) organizations generally do not make full use of their human resources.
E) people often seek out and willingly accept responsibility.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Cindy Jones worked as a welder for BCD Company for ten years before it changed its rigid tuition reimbursement policy. This year, the new education support policy will allow her to take any course that interests her, not just a course in her field of employment. She is very excited about this and has enrolled in two management courses. She has always thought she had the ability to become a good manager. Cindy is attempting to satisfy her ____ needs.


A) esteem
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) social
E) safety

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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In the first set of Hawthorne experiments dealing with lighting, the main conclusion was that


A) the pressure of social acceptance affects production.
B) a sense of involvement affects production.
C) variations in lighting affect production.
D) the piece-rate method affects production.
E) only the amount of pay affects production.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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​A systematic program of reinforcement to encourage desirable behavior is known as


A) ​behavior modification.
B) ​telecommuting.
C) ​job analysis.
D) ​job-modification.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Who was responsible for developing Theory X and Theory Y?


A) Maslow
B) Taylor
C) Treybig
D) Herzberg
E) McGregor

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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The equity theory states that people are motivated


A) only by their achievements.
B) by receiving pay equal to that of all other employees.
C) by the satisfaction of doing their jobs well.
D) by receiving promotions.
E) by receiving a reward commensurate with their performance.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Theory Y is a set of assumptions that is consistent with scientific management.

A) True
B) False

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How does motivation differ from morale?

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Motivation is defined as an individual, ...

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The assumptions underlying Theory X generally agree with Frederick W. Taylor's concepts of scientific management.

A) True
B) False

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The Human Side of Enterprise was a management book written by Frederick W. Taylor.

A) True
B) False

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A contemporary manager who wants employees to have more control over their work might implement either


A) the Theory X or Theory Y system.
B) MBO or job enrichment.
C) job enrichment or the Theory X system.
D) MBO or a reward system that emphasizes Theory X.
E) Theory X and Theory Y.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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One advantage of part-time work is that it usually provides the same benefits that full-time employees receive.

A) True
B) False

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Problem-solving teams are created to work together permanently.

A) True
B) False

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