Question 1

Neglectful or uninvolved parenting may have its origins in

Accepted Answer

A)   the immaturity of the parents.
B)   inadequate bonding time between parent and child.
C)   parental depression or overwhelming stress.
D)   low socioeconomic status.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Authoritarian and authoritative parents would vary most widely on which of the following dimensions of parenting?

Accepted Answer

A)   control
B)   expectations
C)   warmth and nurturance
D)   maturity demandsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the attachment relationships of children in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   In early childhood, the child's internal model of attachment appears to generalize and become a property of all the child's social relationships.
B)   A preschooler does not yet understand that relationships continue to exist in the absence of the attachment figure.
C)   Two- and three-year-olds who are securely attached to their parents are more likely than insecurely attached children to have positive relationships with their preschool teachers.
D)   The nature of the attachment relationship undergoes change at about age eight.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Parents' explaining why a punished behaviour is wrong is called

Accepted Answer

A)   uninvolved discipline.
B)   permissive discipline.
C)   inductive discipline.
D)   hostile discipline.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a reason why children's physical aggression decreases across the preschool years?

Accepted Answer

A)   As children improve their cognitive skills, they are less frustrated and are therefore less likely to act aggressively.
B)   As their egocentrism declines, children are increasingly able to understand other children's thoughts and feelings.
C)   Children come to understand that prosocial, altruistic behaviour will accomplish their desires more effectively than aggressive behaviour.
D)   The development of dominance hierarchies and the corresponding knowledge of each other's place in the pecking order serve to reduce physical aggression.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

In the four dimensions of parent-child interactions, the dimension that uses intimidation by shouting or by using physical punishment is called

Accepted Answer

A)   punitive/aversive.
B)   hostile/ineffective.
C)   positive.
D)   consistent.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Children whose parents divorce have a higher risk of mental health problems in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Borrowing a crayon is an example of ________ play.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychosocial
B)   parallel
C)   associative
D)   solitaryE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The most consistently negative outcomes for children's behaviour and development have been associated with the authoritarian style of parenting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Social-cognitive theorists have emphasized the role of ________ in shaping children's sex-role behaviour and attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)   peers
B)   media
C)   parents
D)   story booksE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The ultimate goal of discipline is to

Accepted Answer

A)   punish.
B)   control.
C)   teach.
D)   protect.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Understanding that gender is a stable, life-long characteristic is termed "gender stability."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Children of gay or lesbian parents

Accepted Answer

A)   experience sex-role identity confusion.
B)   are less psychologically healthy than their peers.
C)   are likely to be heterosexual.
D)   are more intelligent than their peers.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

The permissive parenting style consists of

Accepted Answer

A)   low nurturance and high communication.
B)   high control and low communication.
C)   low maturity demands and low nurturance.
D)   high nurturance and low maturity demands, control, and communication.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Canadian research indicates that children in high-risk family situations

Accepted Answer

A)   outgrow their behaviour problems by adolescence.
B)   always have behaviour problems.
C)   are more empathetic to other children with family problems.
D)   benefit from positive and nurturing parents.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

According to Diana Baumrind, the ________ parent is high in control and maturity demands but low in nurturance and communication.

Accepted Answer

A)   authoritarian
B)   neglecting
C)   permissive
D)   authoritativeE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which item does not belong with the others in these descriptive characteristics of 3-year-old boys who have poor social relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)   inductive influences
B)   rejected by peers
C)   aggressive behaviour
D)   poor group-entry skillsE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Children whose parents use the authoritative parenting style tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   be more compliant.
B)   have high self-esteem.
C)   be independent.
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Self-regulation is a skill associated with the development of the social self.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Group-entry skills are important if a child is to engage in ________ play.

Accepted Answer

A)   dialogic
B)   parallel
C)   cooperative
D)   sensorimotorE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 8: Social and Personality Development in Early Childhood

The most consistently negative outcomes for children's behaviour and development have been associated with the authoritarian style of parenting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The permissive parenting style consists of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the attachment relationships of children in early childhood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which item does not belong with the others in these descriptive characteristics of 3-year-old boys who have poor social relationships?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Canadian research indicates that children in high-risk family situations

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children whose parents use the authoritative parenting style tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neglectful or uninvolved parenting may have its origins in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ultimate goal of discipline is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Diana Baumrind, the ________ parent is high in control and maturity demands but low in nurturance and communication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a reason why children's physical aggression decreases across the preschool years?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Authoritarian and authoritative parents would vary most widely on which of the following dimensions of parenting?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Group-entry skills are important if a child is to engage in ________ play.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Borrowing a crayon is an example of ________ play.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Understanding that gender is a stable, life-long characteristic is termed "gender stability."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social-cognitive theorists have emphasized the role of ________ in shaping children's sex-role behaviour and attitudes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-regulation is a skill associated with the development of the social self.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children of gay or lesbian parents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents' explaining why a punished behaviour is wrong is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the four dimensions of parent-child interactions, the dimension that uses intimidation by shouting or by using physical punishment is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children whose parents divorce have a higher risk of mental health problems in adulthood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified