Question 1

Which enzyme family plays a crucial role in apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Caspases
B)   Lactases
C)   Maltases
D)   Kinases
E)   PolymerasesF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Which of the following was found to be a difference between v-src and c-src?

Accepted Answer

A)   C-src contained eleven introns whereas v-src had none.
B)   V-src contained eleven introns whereas c-src had none.
C)   C-src caused the formation of tumors in mice, whereas v-src caused tumor formation in chickens.
D)   V-src caused the formation of tumors in mice, whereas c-src caused tumor formation in chickens.
E)   None of these are correct.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is the abiding characteristic of all cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Caused by the presence of radiation
B)   Uncontrolled growth
C)   Multinucleated
D)   Form a monolayer in culture
E)   All of these are correct.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

The normal alleles of genes such as c-ras and c-myc produce proteins that regulate the cell cycle.When these genes are overexpressed,or when they produce proteins that function as dominant activators,the cell is

Accepted Answer

A)   cancerous.
B)   pre-disposed to become cancerous.
C)   immune from becoming cancerous.
D)   cancerous and Pre-disposed to become cancerous.
E)   None of theseF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is not a component of Knudson's "two hit" hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the inherited cases of retinoblastoma, one of the inactivating mutations has been transmitted through the germ line.
B)   Two mutational "hits" are required to knock out a gene that normally functions to suppress tumor formation.
C)   A cancer develops only if a second mutation occurs in the somatic cells and if this mutation knocks out the function of the wild-type allele of the tumor suppressor gene.
D)   All of these are true.
E)   None of these are true.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above D

Question 6

What type of mutations are typically found in the DBD of p53?

Accepted Answer

A)   Recessive loss of function mutations
B)   Recessive gain of function mutations
C)   Dominant loss of function mutations
D)   Dominant gain of function mutations
E)   None of theseF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Mutations in which a single mutant allele is dominant in its ability to induce cancer are known as

Accepted Answer

A)   recessive activators.
B)   dominant activators.
C)   heterozygous activators.
D)   homozygous activators.
E)   penetrant activators.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following properties is not characteristic of a malignant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   It no longer undergoes cell cycle regulation and growth arrest.
B)   It has undergone mutations in a c-onc and in other genes.
C)   It cannot leave its site of growth in the tumor.
D)   It may have undergone a chromosome rearrangement.
E)   All of these are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Blood vessels are induced to grow among cancer cells through a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)   angiogenesis.
B)   cardiogenesis.
C)   vasculargenesis.
D)   arterialgenesis.
E)   None of theseF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following cancers is most prevalent in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Breast cancer
B)   Prostate cancer
C)   Lung cancer
D)   Pancreatic cancer
E)   LeukemiaF) C) and D)
G) B) and E) C

Question 11

How do cancers develop?

Accepted Answer

A)   Through the activation of a singular proto-oncogene
B)   Through the activation of a singular tumor suppressor gene
C)   Through the accumulation of somatic mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
D)   Through the inactivation of a singular tumor suppressor gene
E)   Through the inactivation of a singular proto-oncogeneF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Tumor suppressor genes

Accepted Answer

A)   were discovered by studies of rare cancers exhibiting a dominant inheritance pattern.
B)   were suggested by Alfred Knudson's findings in his 1971 study of retinoblastoma.
C)   function in more than one cellular process.
D)   of particular classes function by binding to and inhibiting the activity of transcription factors controlling cell cycle progression.
E)   All of theseF) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Programmed cell death is called

Accepted Answer

A)   cell lysis
B)   apoptosis
C)   cell popping
D)   hemolysis
E)   None of these are correct.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the RB gene in relation to cancer and the cell cycle?
1) In many types of cancer both copies of the RB gene have been inactivated.
2) Inactivation of both copies of the RB gene impair the ability of the RB protein to bind E2F transcription factors.
3) pRB is phosphorylated through the action of cyclin-dependent kinases.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   1 and 2
E)   All of theseF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is not a hallmark of the malignant cancer pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cancer cells acquire self-sufficiency in the signalling processes that stimulate division and growth.
B)   Cancer cells are normally sensitive to signals that inhibit growth.
C)   Cancer cells can evade programmed cell death.
D)   Cancer cells acquire limitless replicative potential.
E)   Cancer cells develop ways to nourish themselves.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Which group of genes was first discovered in RNA virus genomes and is known to induce tumors in vertebrate hosts?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tumor suppressor genes
B)   Oncogenes
C)   Operator genes
D)   Promoter genes
E)   Silencer genesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

How does p53 respond to cell stress?
1) The level of p53 increases dramatically.
2) p53 stimulates the transcription of genes whose products arrest the cell cycle.
3) p53 activates another set of genes whose products ultimately cause the damaged cell to die.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   1 and 2
E)   All of theseF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is a key step in carcinogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Loss of p53 function
B)   Gain of pRB function
C)   Gain of p53 function
D)   Loss of p53 function and Gain of pRB function
E)   All of theseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

An agent that can irreversibly transform normal cells into cancerous cells is most correctly known as

Accepted Answer

A)   tetragen
B)   aneugen
C)   mutagen
D)   carcinogen
E)   None of these are correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D) D

Question 20

Weinberg was the first to identify a link between a c-onc and cancer by

Accepted Answer

A)   using a transfection test with liver DNA that transformed normal cells to hepatomas.
B)   cloning a DNA fragment from human colon cancer and showing that it could transform normal cells to malignant cells.
C)   serially transfecting DNA from bladder cells first into nontransformed cells and then into transformed cells.
D)   cloning the transforming DNA fragment from the transformed cells and showing it transformed normal cells.
E)   None of theseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 21: The Genetic Basis Of Cancer

Which enzyme family plays a crucial role in apoptosis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following was found to be a difference between v-src and c-src?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the abiding characteristic of all cancer cells?

Correct Answer
verified

The normal alleles of genes such as c-ras and c-myc produce proteins that regulate the cell cycle.When these genes are overexpressed,or when they produce proteins that function as dominant activators,the cell is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a component of Knudson's "two hit" hypothesis?

Correct Answer
verified
D

What type of mutations are typically found in the DBD of p53?

Correct Answer
verified

Mutations in which a single mutant allele is dominant in its ability to induce cancer are known as

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following properties is not characteristic of a malignant cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Blood vessels are induced to grow among cancer cells through a process known as

Correct Answer
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Which of the following cancers is most prevalent in the United States?

Correct Answer
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C

How do cancers develop?

Correct Answer
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Tumor suppressor genes

Correct Answer
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Programmed cell death is called

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not a hallmark of the malignant cancer pathway?

Correct Answer
verified

Which group of genes was first discovered in RNA virus genomes and is known to induce tumors in vertebrate hosts?

Correct Answer
verified

How does p53 respond to cell stress? 1) The level of p53 increases dramatically. 2) p53 stimulates the transcription of genes whose products arrest the cell cycle. 3) p53 activates another set of genes whose products ultimately cause the damaged cell to die.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a key step in carcinogenesis?

Correct Answer
verified

An agent that can irreversibly transform normal cells into cancerous cells is most correctly known as

Correct Answer
verified
D

Weinberg was the first to identify a link between a c-onc and cancer by

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 21: The Genetic Basis Of Cancer

Which enzyme family plays a crucial role in apoptosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was found to be a difference between v-src and c-src?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the abiding characteristic of all cancer cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal alleles of genes such as c-ras and c-myc produce proteins that regulate the cell cycle.When these genes are overexpressed,or when they produce proteins that function as dominant activators,the cell is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a component of Knudson's "two hit" hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What type of mutations are typically found in the DBD of p53?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations in which a single mutant allele is dominant in its ability to induce cancer are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following properties is not characteristic of a malignant cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood vessels are induced to grow among cancer cells through a process known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cancers is most prevalent in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

How do cancers develop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tumor suppressor genes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Programmed cell death is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a hallmark of the malignant cancer pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group of genes was first discovered in RNA virus genomes and is known to induce tumors in vertebrate hosts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does p53 respond to cell stress? 1) The level of p53 increases dramatically. 2) p53 stimulates the transcription of genes whose products arrest the cell cycle. 3) p53 activates another set of genes whose products ultimately cause the damaged cell to die.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a key step in carcinogenesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An agent that can irreversibly transform normal cells into cancerous cells is most correctly known as

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Weinberg was the first to identify a link between a c-onc and cancer by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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D

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C

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D

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