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Opinion leaders refer to


A) those individuals within an organization who have the deciding vote when there is a decision-making impasse.
B) manufacturers, usually those that have the highest market share in the industry, who set prices based solely on hegemony.
C) individuals who exert direct or indirect social influence over others.
D) groups of buyers who through the size of their purchases affect where marketing dollars will be spent.
E) groups of buyers who through the size of their purchases affect how quickly a product will travel through its lifecycle.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In the VALS system, consumers motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle.__________ are mature, reflective, and well-educated people who value order, knowledge, and responsibility.


A) Thinkers
B) Believers
C) Achievers
D) Innovators
E) Experiencers

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Sophisticated firms have learned the marketing lesson that


A) it is a lot easier to find new customers than to keep existing ones.
B) the buying experience, customer satisfaction, and retention can increase firm profits.
C) it is not clear whether it is easier to find new customers or to keep existing ones.
D) existing customers do not usually spend as much as new customers since the initial novelty of the product declines over time.
E) unless a marketing promotion to retain customer loyalty can increase market share by at least 5% it is not worth the expenditure.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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When a response elicited by one stimulus is generated to another stimulus it is called a


A) selective comprehension.
B) selective retention.
C) stimulus generalization.
D) stimulus discrimination.
E) routine response behavior.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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A consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes based on personal experience, advertising, and discussions with other people are referred to as __________.


A) beliefs
B) values
C) attitudes
D) predispositions
E) opinions

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Between classes, many college students stop at conveniently located vending machines for their favorite candy bar and soft drink.Their choices are generally made quickly and with little or no effort to consider alternative product offerings.The college students described here are most likely involved in


A) limited problem solving situations.
B) routine problem solving situations.
C) extensive problem solving situations.
D) intensive problem solving situations.
E) unlimited problem solving situations.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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How do selective perception, selective exposure, selective comprehension, and selective retention differ?

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The human brain employs a process called...

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A consumer's purchases are often influenced by the views, opinions, or behaviors of others.Two aspects of personal influence that are important to marketing __________ and word-of-mouth activity.


A) parental guidance
B) peer pressure
C) opinion leadership
D) government regulation
E) pricing levels

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Perceiving a difference between a person's ideal and actual situations big enough to trigger a decision is called


A) problem recognition.
B) alternative evaluation.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) routine response behavior.
E) postpurchase behavior.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Perception refers to


A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) the way people spend their time and resources considering what is important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them.
E) those qualities that either attract or repel other members of a person's personal, social, or professional environment.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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FIGURE 5-5 FIGURE 5-5   -According to Figure 5-5 above, self-fulfillment is an example of the highest-order needs referred to as __________. A) physiological needs B) social needs C) safety needs D) personal needs E) self-actualization needs -According to Figure 5-5 above, self-fulfillment is an example of the highest-order needs referred to as __________.


A) physiological needs
B) social needs
C) safety needs
D) personal needs
E) self-actualization needs

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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The process of seeing or hearing messages without being aware of them is referred to as


A) selective retention.
B) subliminal perception.
C) selective perception.
D) selective attention.
E) indifference.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Joe Brandt, a store service manager at one of Best Buy's newest stores, attributes much of the success of Best Buy to


A) being a national company.
B) the efficiency of its national distribution.
C) the variety of its products.
D) listening to the customer.
E) purchasing products from all over the world.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Compare and contrast routine problem solving, limited problem solving, and extended problem solving.Give an example of when each might be used.

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There are three general variations in th...

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Consumer behavior refers to


A) the aspects of a consumer's decision-making processes that cannot be measured.
B) the actions a person takes in purchasing and using products and services, including the mental and social processes that come before and after these actions.
C) the range of prices from lowest to highest that a consumer would be willing to pay for a given product or service.
D) the mental and social processes that is innate in a person from birth.
E) the learned behaviors in terms of the purchasing process passed down from one generation to the next.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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The long-running U.S.Army recruiting program that invited enlistees to "Be All You Can Be" appeals to which of the hierarchy of needs?


A) self-actualization needs
B) physiological needs
C) personal needs
D) safety needs
E) social needs

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Customer satisfaction is an important focus for marketers because


A) marketing research is an expensive proposition; the fewer times it needs be done, the better.
B) over time, the financial value of a retained customer can be significant.
C) customer value is a non-quantifiable statistic.
D) attracting new customers is easier than keeping old ones.
E) a market development strategy is preferable to a market penetration strategy.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Every time a BzzAgent completes an activity, they are expected to file an online report describing the nature of the buzz and its effectiveness.About 65 percent of Buzz agents are


A) Fortune 500 CEO's.
B) Budding entrepreneurs.
C) Older than 25.
D) Women.
E) Men.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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As a result of __________, consumers do not remember all the information they see, read, or hear even minutes after exposure to it.


A) selective retention
B) selective comprehension
C) selective exposure
D) selective perception
E) subliminal discrimination

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The process of developing automatic responses to a situation built up through repeated exposure to it, is referred to as __________.


A) perceptual learning
B) retentive learning
C) functional learning
D) motivated learning
E) behavioral learning

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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