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The CDC recommends older adults engage in strength training at least two (non-consecutive) days a week, at a moderate to high intensity for ____ repetitions.


A) 5-10
B) 10-15
C) 15-20
D) 20-25
E) 25-30

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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A person with dysphagia has


A) no teeth.
B) low immunity.
C) difficulty swallowing.
D) diminished muscle mass.
E) impaired cognitive function.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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MATCHING -Loss of muscle mass


A) 5
B) 13
C) 33
D) 50
E) Energy
F) Cataracts
G) Vitamin D
H) Dysphagia
I) Beta-amyloid
J) Sarcopenia
K) Purines
L) Vitamin B₁₂
M) Tetracycline
N) Acetylcholine
O) Osteoarthritis
P) Grapefruit juice
Q) Atrophic gastritis
R) Hydrochloric acid
S) Omega-3 fatty acids
T) Rheumatoid arthritis

U) L) and T)
V) D) and F)

Correct Answer

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MATCHING -Nutrient that may reduce inflammation of rheumatoid arthritic joints


A) 5
B) 13
C) 33
D) 50
E) Energy
F) Cataracts
G) Vitamin D
H) Dysphagia
I) Beta-amyloid
J) Sarcopenia
K) Purines
L) Vitamin B₁₂
M) Tetracycline
N) Acetylcholine
O) Osteoarthritis
P) Grapefruit juice
Q) Atrophic gastritis
R) Hydrochloric acid
S) Omega-3 fatty acids
T) Rheumatoid arthritis

U) B) and N)
V) C) and K)

Correct Answer

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MATCHING -Substance found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease


A) 5
B) 13
C) 33
D) 50
E) Energy
F) Cataracts
G) Vitamin D
H) Dysphagia
I) Beta-amyloid
J) Sarcopenia
K) Purines
L) Vitamin B₁₂
M) Tetracycline
N) Acetylcholine
O) Osteoarthritis
P) Grapefruit juice
Q) Atrophic gastritis
R) Hydrochloric acid
S) Omega-3 fatty acids
T) Rheumatoid arthritis

U) L) and S)
V) N) and T)

Correct Answer

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What fraction of eligible seniors participate in the SNAP?


A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 2/3
E) 3/4

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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What is the life expectancy of white males and females in the United States?


A) 62 (males) , 68 years (females)
B) 77 (males) , 81 years (females)
C) 82 (males) , 86 years (females)
D) 87 (males) , 90 years (females)
E) 89 (males) , 93 years (females)

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a characteristic of the response to stress?


A) Men often follow a pattern of "tend-and-befriend"
B) Women usually engage in the "fight-or-flight" response
C) Older men and women tend to lose their ability to adapt to stress
D) Common psychological stressors in older people include alcohol abuse and smoking
E) The physiologic responses triggered by stress decrease the likelihood of physical responses to the stressors

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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C

Which of the following would be the most effective substitute for fresh milk for the elderly person living alone?


A) UHT milk
B) Low-cost expired milk
C) Calcium carbonate tablets
D) Greens with highly bioavailable calcium
E) Sweetened condensed milk

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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A person with a pressure ulcer has damage to her


A) skin.
B) colon.
C) mouth.
D) stomach.
E) small intestine.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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What is a common side effect from taking certain prescription drugs and consuming grapefruit juice?


A) A metallic taste in the mouth appears.
B) Blood concentrations of the drugs increase.
C) The bioavailability of the drugs falls substantially.
D) The bioflavonoids in the juice bind to the drugs and promote formation of uric acid crystals.
E) Absorption is greatly reduced.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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MATCHING -Percentage of people over age 60 with atrophic gastritis


A) 5
B) 13
C) 33
D) 50
E) Energy
F) Cataracts
G) Vitamin D
H) Dysphagia
I) Beta-amyloid
J) Sarcopenia
K) Purines
L) Vitamin B₁₂
M) Tetracycline
N) Acetylcholine
O) Osteoarthritis
P) Grapefruit juice
Q) Atrophic gastritis
R) Hydrochloric acid
S) Omega-3 fatty acids
T) Rheumatoid arthritis

U) B) and T)
V) O) and P)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a feature of elderly people and water metabolism?


A) They may not feel thirsty or recognize dryness of the mouth.
B) They have a higher total body water content compared with younger adults.
C) They show increased frequency of urination, which results in higher requirements.
D) They frequently show symptoms of overhydration such as mental lapses and disorientation.
E) Overhydration increases risk of pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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The evidence from studies to date shows that nutritional interventions designed to relieve depression


A) may or may not be effective.
B) are mildly effective.
C) are moderately effective.
D) are greatly effective.
E) may worsen depression in very old individuals.

F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A condition that increases the likelihood of iron deficiency in older people is


A) lack of intrinsic factor.
B) loss of iron due to menopause.
C) blood loss from yearly physical testing procedures.
D) poor iron absorption due to reduced stomach acid secretion and/or use of antacids.
E) the body's need for iron increases well into old age.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a feature of food choices and eating habits of older people?


A) The quality of life among older people has not improved since 1995.
B) Older people spend less money on foods to eat at home than younger people.
C) People over 65 are less likely to diet to lose weight than are younger people.
D) Most older people think of themselves as generally unhappy and in poor health.
E) Older people tend to be adventuresome eaters who enjoy breaking away from traditional foods.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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C

Which of the following is a finding from studies of diet restriction in rats?


A) Restriction of specific nutrients exerted antiaging effects
B) Energy-restricted diets led to life extension in 90% of the rats
C) Energy-restricted diets led to lowering of the metabolic rate and body temperature
D) Restriction of food intake only after rats reached maturity, but not before, resulted in extension of the life span
E) Although early research was encouraging, more recent research has found that the effects are much smaller than hoped

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a proposed mechanism for energy restriction and improved longevity in animals?


A) Reduced oxidative stress
B) Increased metabolic rate
C) Enhanced lipid oxidation
D) Accelerated growth and development
E) Decreased physiologic arousal to stress

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following terms describes an immune system that is inefficient and overactive in the aged?


A) Inflammaging
B) Dysphagic cell mass
C) Sarcopenic undermining
D) Endentulous-induced wasting
E) Cachexia of aging

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?


A) 21-34 years
B) 35-49 years
C) 50-64
D) 65-84 years
E) Over 85 years

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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D

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