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Preliminary results of a study of cognitive vulnerability to depression (Alloy et al.,2000) found that ____ of the students with thought patterns classified as "high risk" for depression subsequently suffered a major depressive episode whereas only ____ of the "low risk" students subsequently experienced a major depressive episode.


A) 16%; 3%
B) 25%; 15%
C) 40%; 5%
D) 85%; 10%

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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In research looking at the biological causes of mood disorders,studies have shown that if one of a set of twins has a mood disorder,the probability that the other twin will have a mood disorder is _________.


A) 29%
B) 42%
C) 66%
D) 81%

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Negative cognitive styles are associated with a vulnerability to subsequent depression


A) in people in general.
B) in people who have already been depressed.
C) only in people who are currently depressed.
D) only in women.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In the CD-ROM "Abnormal Psychology: Live!," for major depressive disorder,Barbara exhibited all of the following behavior changes except


A) intense feelings of guilt.
B) loss of appetite and weight loss.
C) suicidal thoughts.
D) a sense of helplessness.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a symptom of the mood disorder known as mania?


A) Clear, coherent speech
B) Hypoactive behavior
C) Fatigue
D) Grandiosity

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following factors contribute to the integrative theory of depression?


A) Stressful life events
B) Stress hormones
C) Neurotransmitters
D) All of these

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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In comparing the length of untreated depressive episodes and untreated manic episodes,which of the following is an accurate statement?


A) Depressive episodes generally last longer.
B) Manic episodes generally last longer.
C) Both types of episodes typically last about the same amount of time.
D) This comparison cannot be made because depressive episodes are always treated.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "permissive" hypothesis,which states that


A) low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders.
B) the norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur.
C) when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.
D) the absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The rapid-cycling specifier refers to an individual with bipolar disorder who experiences at least ___ episodes in a year.


A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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In the CD-ROM "Abnormal Psychology: Live!," the client Mary displayed relatively rare psychotic features associated with her bipolar disorder


A) only in her manic state.
B) only in her depressive state.
C) in both her manic and depressive state.
D) in neither her manic or depressive state.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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People who grieve over the death of a loved one


A) may speed up the "process" of grief with intervention from a mental health professional.
B) may be predisposed to depressive disorders.
C) may exhibit undifferentiated dysthymia.
D) rarely exhibit impacted grief reaction.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Dysthymic disorder shares many of the symptoms of major depressive disorder,but differs in that


A) symptoms tend to be somewhat milder.
B) symptoms tend to be of shorter duration.
C) symptoms tend to be of longer duration.
D) both a and c

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Major depressive episodes tend to abate


A) on their own eventually.
B) only with medication.
C) only with therapy.
D) in women, but not men.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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During the final interview with Mary on the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD for Chapter 7,she is clearly in a manic state with an affect that can be considered inappropriate due to her ________.


A) wildly excited tone of voice
B) lack of eye contact
C) constant crying
D) laughing

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Recent research suggests that


A) social and psychological explanations seem to account for factors that contribute to both anxiety and depression.
B) for mania, the biological vulnerability may not be specific to that disorder.
C) the same genetic factors contribute to both anxiety and depression.
D) All of the above

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Clinical studies have shown that the response rate for patients receiving relief from depressive symptoms is approximately ________.


A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 100%

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Although the mood-stabilizing drug lithium is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder,patient compliance has been a problem.Patients often stop taking their lithium,even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods,because they


A) become anxious that the drug is too toxic.
B) miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces.
C) start to have panic attacks.
D) cannot afford the high cost of the medication.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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All of the following are side effects of lithium therapy EXCEPT ____________.


A) lowered thyroid functioning
B) weight loss
C) toxicity
D) lack of energy

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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IPT deals with four interpersonal issues.These include all but which of the following?


A) Issues of intimacy
B) Role disputes
C) Adjustment to loss
D) Social skills deficit correction

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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One of the problems encountered by psychiatrists who prescribe medication for patients with bipolar disorder is that patients often


A) stop taking the medication in order to bring on a depressive state.
B) stop taking the medication in order to bring on a manic state.
C) overdose on the medication during a severe manic state.
D) become addicted to the medications during a severe manic state.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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