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In a Canadian review,Woodworth and colleagues (2003) suggested that forensic community programs are one of the best settings for helping people who are judged to be not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder.Which of the following is NOT a recommendation made by the authors to ensure a successful implementation of such community-based programs?


A) Routine use must be made of validated risk assessment tools.
B) There must be unanimous acceptance of the program by people in the community.
C) People in the community must be aware of the program and educated about the risk that these individuals pose.
D) There must be high levels of monitoring of these individuals.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following psychological tests has been used to accurately identify malingering in persons claiming to have post-traumatic stress disorder?


A) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
B) Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
C) Rorschach Inkblot Test
D) Wechsler Adult Scale of Intelligence (WAIS)

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to the APA clinical practice guidelines,what is the clinical utility axis concerned with?


A) the effectiveness of the intervention in the practice setting in which it is to be applied
B) whether patients accept the intervention and comply with its requirements, and whether it is easy to administer
C) external validity
D) the extent to which an intervention is effective with patients of differing backgrounds

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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What is the main argument used by some mental health professionals against the unlimited right of all patients to refuse treatment?


A) Mental health professionals are in the best position to know what is in patients' best interests by virtue of their clinical training and experience.
B) The public has a stronger right to be protected against violent, mentally ill people.
C) Under certain circumstances, people with severe mental illness are not capable of making a decision in their own best interest.
D) Rights must be earned, not automatically granted.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Fatima is has a mental illness.She has the legal right to treatment.What else does she have a legal right to?


A) hospital treatment for as long as it takes to stabilize
B) the least restrictive treatment option possible
C) to refuse treatment even if she is at risk for harming herself or others
D) to choose the facility where she will receive treatment

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Discuss the issue of patient rights and how the concept arose from the 1972 U.S.case of Wyatt v.Stickney.Explain what is meant by the right to refuse treatment and the implications of this right for the patient,as well as for his or her family and community.

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The first major consideration of the clinical utility axis of the APA clinical practice guidelines is feasibility,which asks a number of questions.Which of the following is NOT one of these questions?


A) Has research shown the treatment to be effective?
B) Will patients accept the intervention?
C) Is the treatment relatively easy to administer?
D) Will patients comply with the requirements?

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The government justifies its right to commit someone to a mental health facility under two types of authority: police power and parens patriae.Which of the following describes what happens under police power?


A) The government allows for the arrest of people who commit criminal offences whether mentally ill or not.
B) The government acts on behalf of a citizen who is not likely to act in his or her own best interest.
C) The government takes responsibility for protecting public health, safety, and welfare.
D) The government temporarily suspends the rights of a person who is harming or may harm others.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Discuss public perceptions of the insanity defence and how they contrast with factual information regarding the frequency of its use and its implications.

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The M'Naghten rule (the insanity defence) ,which is still being used by numerous countries worldwide,holds that individuals are not responsible for their criminal behaviour if a certain condition applies.What is this condition?


A) if they don't know what they are doing or they don't know that what they are doing is wrong
B) if they don't know that what they are doing is illegal
C) if they know that what they're doing is wrong but they are unable to control their behaviour
D) if they are unable to appreciate the legal consequences of their act

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In Quebec,a psychiatrist can commit a patient with schizophrenia if they refuse to take their medications.This provincial difference is due to which of the following?


A) It is the result of more liberal definitions of competence.
B) It is the result of more liberal definitions of dangerousness.
C) It is the result of restricting patients' right to refuse treatment.
D) It is the result of more narrow definitions of dangerousness.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Dr.Beck is a psychologist who risked having his psychologist's licence revoked after he was ordered by the provincial court to surrender his records on a client who was involved in a criminal proceeding.Dr.Beck had recorded information about his client that was so carelessly and ambiguously worded that it was clinically inaccurate and was misinterpreted by the jury,to the detriment of his client.Which principle in the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists did Dr.Beck appear to violate?


A) recognizing limits of competence
B) incompetence case recording
C) boundary issues
D) do no harm

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Why is the public often skeptical of testimony from expert witnesses?


A) Expert witnesses are biased and want their testimony in court to be consistent with what they have concluded in research they have published.
B) Expert witnesses generally are concerned about being sued if they give testimony that frees a person who goes on to commit a violent crime.
C) The public suspects that the side paying the expert witness determines the expert's opinion.
D) The public often does not fully understand the scope and breadth of expertise within academic fields.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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If a person succeeds at using the "not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder defence," which of the following is most likely to occur?


A) The person would express regret for having done so because of the stigma associated with mental illness.
B) The person would automatically be incarcerated in a psychiatric institution for exactly the same length of time as he would have been sentenced to prison if he had not used this defence.
C) The person may end up spending only a fraction of the time in a psychiatric institution than he would have been sentenced to prison if he had not used this defence.
D) The person may end up incarcerated in psychiatric institutions for much longer periods than he would have been sentenced to prison if he had not used this defence.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What were the two goals of the deinstitutionalization movement in the 1970s and 1980s?


A) to downsize or close the large mental hospitals and create a network of community mental health services
B) to close mental hospitals and give the responsibility of caring for the mentally ill back to their families
C) to improve treatment for mentally ill patients and save money
D) to eliminate the construct of "mental illness" and improve social conditions for the poor and vulnerable members of society

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Mental health expert witnesses appear to have expertise in several areas.Which of the following is NOT one of these areas?


A) making reliable diagnoses according to DSM-5 criteria
B) identifying malingering
C) identifying the underlying causes of the person's mental disorder
D) assessing competence to stand trial

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Margaret was diagnosed with schizophrenia ten years ago and has been hospitalized several times.She has paranoid delusions and hallucinations.Her speech is rambling and incoherent.Recently,Margaret got hold of a gun and shot several people,believing that they were her enemies.Following her arrest,what is the most likely scenario for Margaret?


A) Her case will never go to trial.
B) She will be found fit to stand trial.
C) If convicted, she will go to prison.
D) Following a trial, she will be hospitalized again.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Discuss the role and responsibilities of the expert witness in criminal court cases.Explain how the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)is used to assess the possibility of malingering.Describe its effectiveness as well as one caution provided by recent research.

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Since Joe's arrest,a decision was made to have him undergo the Fitness Interview Test-Revised,a three-part instrument developed by Webster and colleagues (1999) .What is the purpose of this test?


A) to assess a person's mental state at the time a crime was committed
B) to determine a person's physical and intellectual status as part of a standard pretrial assessment
C) to assess a criminal defendant's ability to appreciate the quality and moral nature of the act of which he or she is accused
D) to assess a criminal defendant's fitness to stand trial

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Andrew has been accused of committing a crime and is currently in a mental health facility.He will stay there until it is determined that he is fit to participate in legal proceedings against him.What does it mean if Andrew is found unfit to stand trial?


A) He will be convicted of the crime but sent to a psychiatric hospital instead of prison.
B) He will have a better chance of success with a "not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder" defence.
C) He will be conditionally discharged, detained in hospital, or ordered to receive treatment.
D) He will be acquitted of the crime.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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