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The IPAT model of environmental impact uses the following equation: Impact (I)= Population (P)x Affluence (A)x Technology (T)Use this equation to answer the following three questions. What is the key factor in total environmental impact in most more-developed countries?

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Subsidies and tax breaks to companies are


A) helpful to the environment
B) not helpful to the economy
C) not actually helpful to these companies
D) not helpful to the environment
E) helpful to individuals

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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The circulation of chemicals necessary for life, from the environment through organisms and back to the environment, is called ____________________.

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IPAT is a simple way of looking at how three factors influence the impact humans have on the environment. The formula is Impact = Population (P)x __________ x Technology (T).

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China has the world's largest population and second-largest economy.

A) True
B) False

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Which action is is an example of reuse?


A) re-melting aluminum cans
B) making compost out of kitchen scraps
C) using plastic butter tubs to store leftovers
D) using waste heat to warm a room
E) making paper goods from previously used paper

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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_____ growth starts off slowly, but after only a few doublings, grows at an enormous rate.


A) Exponential
B) Logarithmic
C) Parallel
D) Linear
E) Resource

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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What are two ways to deal with the degradation of a shared resource?

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One is to use a shared or open-access re...

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Describe what Garrett Hardin meant by the Tragedy of the Commons , and give an example.

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Hardin uses the term to indicate a resou...

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What is an environmental worldview? Discuss your environmental worldview and explain why you hold this viewpoint.

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An environmental worldview is a set of a...

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  In the accompanying figure, note that following the Black Death, the line representing the total human population rose dramatically. This rise indicates a fundamental relationship between births, deaths, and growth rates. Discuss this relationship, indicating why the steep rise occurred, and why an expected leveling off may occur soon. In the accompanying figure, note that following the Black Death, the line representing the total human population rose dramatically. This rise indicates a fundamental relationship between births, deaths, and growth rates. Discuss this relationship, indicating why the steep rise occurred, and why an expected leveling off may occur soon.

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The death rate fell ...

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All nonrenewable resources can theoretically be ____.


A) converted to nonmetallic minerals
B) converted to renewable ones
C) exhausted or depleted
D) recycled or reused
E) alive

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Take away solar energy and all natural capital would collapse.

A) True
B) False

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Affluence typically results in _____.


A) population growth
B) less education
C) increased poverty
D) environmental restoration
E) environmental degradation

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The term _____ refers to the contamination of the environment by a chemical or other agent that is harmful to organisms.


A) natural capital
B) pollution
C) pesticide
D) human activity
E) point source

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Pollution cleanup is usually the best way of dealing with the release of a pollutant.

A) True
B) False

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What is the best description of an ecological deficit?


A) The total ecological footprint is larger than the biological capacity to replenish renewable resources.
B) The total ecological footprint is smaller than the biological capacity to replenish renewable resources.
C) All nonrenewable resources have been exhausted and there are no renewable resources available.
D) The total ecological footprint is equal to the sustainable yield of renewable resources.
E) The total ecological footprint only involves the use of nonrenewable resources.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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According to a number of environmental scientists, we already know how to reuse or recycle at least _____ of the nonrenewable resources we use.


A) 80%
B) 65%
C) 50%
D) 40%
E) 25%

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Environmental degradation, also known as __________ __________ __________ is the process of wasting, depleting, and degrading the earth's natural capital at an accelerating rate.

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natural ca...

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In the IPAT equation, the 'P' stands for _____.


A) poverty
B) pollution
C) per capita ecological footprint
D) percent
E) population size

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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