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The memory system that contains the memory for how to type on a typewriter or drive an automobile is the _____ memory system.


A) cerebellum
B) schematic
C) nondeclarative
D) episodic

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Craig is being introduced to the members of the fraternity he has just joined. He has not met 15 members before; once the introductions are over, he can only remember the names of the first three and last two members he was introduced to. He can't recall the names of any of the other members. The memory difficulty that Craig is experiencing is consistent with


A) late-selection filtering.
B) the misinformation effect.
C) non-distributed practice.
D) the serial-position effect.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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According to Sigmund Freud, the process that is at work when distressing thoughts and feelings remain buried in the unconscious is ​


A) retroactive interference.
B) retrograde amnesia. ​
C) repression. ​
D) Korsakoff's syndrome. ​

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The _____ effect occurs when subjects show better recall for items at the beginning and end of a list than for items in the middle.

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Samantha remembers items on a shopping list by imagining the items placed at certain locations along the route she normally drives through her neighborhood. Samantha is using


A) the method of loci.
B) the link method. ​
C) a narrative story. ​
D) an acronym. ​

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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When studying for her psychology exam, Amy would read each word from the list of key terms at the end of the chapter, read the definition of the term, and then think of an example that illustrated each term. Amy was using the process of _____ to hopefully enhance her memory of the terms.


A) elaboration
B) expanded attention
C) retrieval
D) imagery

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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LeAnn had her purse snatched as she walked out to her car. The police ask LeAnn to try to pick the purse-snatcher out of a line-up of 8 suspects. The police are using


A) a recognition task to recover information from LeAnn's memory.
B) a recall task to recover information from LeAnn's memory.
C) transfer-appropriate encoding to recover information from LeAnn's memory.
D) a misinformation task to recover information from LeAnn's memory.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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The dual-coding theory argues that memory is ​


A) enhanced by forming both semantic and visual codes.
B) composed of declarative and procedural elements. ​
C) composed of episodic and semantic codes. ​
D) composed of schematic and nonschematic elements. ​

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Hayden is explaining the rules of his new computer game to Shane. The information about the rules is being retrieved from Hayden's _____ memory.


A) prospective
B) declarative
C) procedural
D) implicit

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to the _____ principle, the value of a retrieval cue depends on how well it corresponds to the memory code.

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encoding s...

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Roberto was attacked while he was walking in the park. The police ask Roberto to describe his attacker in as much detail as possible. The police are using


A) transfer-appropriate encoding to recover information from Roberto's memory.
B) a recall task to recover information from Roberto's memory.
C) a recognition task to recover information from Roberto's memory.
D) a misinformation task to recover information from Roberto's memory.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Martin can't remember who invented flush toilets because he was flirting with a classmate when his history professor described this momentous event. His forgetting appears to be due to ​


A) ineffective encoding.
B) motivated forgetting. ​
C) time decay. ​
D) proactive interference. ​

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Joel is asked to provide a description of his neighbor's car after the car and the neighbor both disappear. Because he never really paid attention to the car, he finds that he really can't accurately recall the make of the car or any special details that might help in identifying it. In this case, Joel may be experiencing


A) proactive interference.
B) retrograde amnesia.
C) pseudoforgetting.
D) cryptomnesia.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events are called _____ memories.


A) episodic
B) flashbulb
C) sensory
D) nondeclarative

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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If, while you are studying, you merely say the words on the page to yourself, you are engaging in ____ encoding, which is inferior to semantic encoding.

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A multilevel classification system based on common properties among items is called a


A) script.
B) schema.
C) conceptual hierarchy.
D) mnemonic device.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The _____ component of working memory controls the allocation of attention.


A) episodic buffer
B) semantic buffer
C) executive control system
D) visuospatial sketchpad

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The likelihood of prospective memory errors increases due to all of the following EXCEPT


A) interruptions.
B) retrieval cues. ​
C) inadequate sleep. ​
D) distractions. ​

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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As Kayla was introduced to the seven members of the committee who would be interviewing her for a scholarship, she silently repeated all the names to herself, in order. Kayla was using


A) chunking to increase the capacity of her short-term memory.
B) rehearsal to temporarily store the names in short-term memory.
C) filtering to temporarily block other information out of short-term memory.
D) acoustic encoding to process the names semantically.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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The memory system that contains words, definitions, events, and ideas is the _____ memory system.


A) episodic
B) declarative
C) procedural
D) assimilative

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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