Question 1

Which of the following reflects one of the effects of alcohol intake on lactation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not pass into the breast milk
B)  It hinders the infant's ability to breastfeed
C)  It mildly stimulates breast milk production
D)  It passes into the breast milk but is degraded by enzymes in breast tissueE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

What is the approximate length of the fetus at 11 weeks of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 inch
B)  6 inches
C)  1 foot
D)  1.5 feetE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time period is evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)  edema.
B)  poor glycemic control.
C)  insufficient physical activity.
D)  development of neural tube defects.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What organ of the pregnant woman is central to the exchange of nutrients for waste products with the fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uterus
B)  Vagina
C)  Placenta
D)  Amniotic sacE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

What causes the "let-down reflex"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin
B)  Estrongen
C)  Prepartum amenorrhea
D)  Postpartum amenorrheaE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

What is the most likely reason for a pregnant woman to crave pickles?

Accepted Answer

A)  A change in hormones
B)  A hypoglycemic episode
C)  A physiologic need for fluid
D)  A physiologic need for sodiumE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Penny is a new mom and, on the advice of her doctor, has been eating an extra whole-wheat bagel with strawberry jelly every night in addition to her nutrient-dense diet.Why did Penny receive this advice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bagels are a way of getting more kcalories in the diet
B)  Bagels provide the extra protein lactating mothers need for lactose production
C)  Babies prefer the strawberry jelly in the mother's diet as it alters the taste of the breast milk
D)  These bagels provide the extra carbohydrates and fiber lactating mothers need for lactose productionE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S.Surgeon General?

Accepted Answer

A)  They should drink absolutely no alcohol
B)  They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only
C)  They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day
D)  They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafterE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of maternal smoking and breast milk production?

Accepted Answer

A)  The milk produced by mothers who smoke contains nicotine
B)  Cigarette smoking reduces the quality but not the quantity of breast milk
C)  Infants of breastfeeding mothers who smoke gain excessive weight consisting mainly of abdominal adipose tissue
D)  The smell and flavors of breast milk from mothers who smoke do not alter volume consumed until the infant reaches 3 months of ageE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following is a feature of heavy metal intake and pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mercury, but not lead, can easily cross the placenta
B)  The adverse effects of lead can be reduced by liberal intakes of calcium
C)  Pregnant women are advised to limit consumption of shark and swordfish to no more than once per week
D)  Pregnant women are advised to avoid shellfish around the critical period of brain development but may resume normal intake thereafterE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

An infant born with incomplete closure of the spinal cord has

Accepted Answer

A)  spina bifida.
B)  macrosomia.
C)  anencephaly.
D)  neural tube seizure.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third trimester of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  200
B)  300
C)  450
D)  540E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Why might a lactating woman need to take an iron supplement?

Accepted Answer

A)  To improve the flavor of breast milk
B)  To increase iron content of breast milk
C)  To replace the iron stores she lost during pregnancy
D)  To account for the re-start of menstruation that usually occurs 1-2 months postpartumE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of

Accepted Answer

A)  4 weeks, called quarters.
B)  9 weeks, called quartiles.
C)  4 months, called semesters.
D)  3 months, called trimesters.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

All of the following are features of zinc nutrition in pregnancy except

Accepted Answer

A)  typical intakes are lower than the recommended amount.
B)  supplements are effective in preventing neural tube defects.
C)  a secondary deficiency may develop when iron supplements are taken.
D)  the mineral is needed for nucleic acid synthesis and thus cell development.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following may be effective at reducing the risk for preeclampsia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bed rest
B)  Exercise
C)  Low-protein diets
D)  Vitamin B12 supplementationE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following describes an infant born during the 36th week of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Term
B)  Preterm
C)  Post term
D)  CaesareanE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following statements describes a relationship between alcohol intake and fetal development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birth defects are most severe when the woman drinks around the time of conception
B)  Infants born with fetal alcohol syndrome typically show immediate signs of brain impairment
C)  Eating well and maintaining adequate nutrient stores will prevent alcohol-induced placenta damage
D)  Toxicity to the fetus begins to occur when fetal blood alcohol levels rise above maternal blood alcohol levelsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time is usually an indication of

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive fat deposition.
B)  excessive fluid retention.
C)  abnormal fetal development.
D)  normal pregnancy only if it occurs during the second trimester.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is not a feature of malnutrition in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the risk for delivery of a low-birth-weight infant
B)  Around the time of conception, it increases the risk for birth defects
C)  It increases the risk for adverse effects on the child and, if the child is a female, on her children
D)  Around the time of conception, it prevents the uterus from developing fully but spares the placentaE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 14: Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Why might a lactating woman need to take an iron supplement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gestation is generally divided into equal periods of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S.Surgeon General?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes an infant born during the 36th week of pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of maternal smoking and breast milk production?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of heavy metal intake and pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following reflects one of the effects of alcohol intake on lactation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are features of zinc nutrition in pregnancy except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Penny is a new mom and, on the advice of her doctor, has been eating an extra whole-wheat bagel with strawberry jelly every night in addition to her nutrient-dense diet.Why did Penny receive this advice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a feature of malnutrition in pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What causes the "let-down reflex"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third trimester of pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What organ of the pregnant woman is central to the exchange of nutrients for waste products with the fetus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most likely reason for a pregnant woman to crave pickles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following may be effective at reducing the risk for preeclampsia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An infant born with incomplete closure of the spinal cord has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time period is evidence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the approximate length of the fetus at 11 weeks of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In pregnancy, a large weight gain over a short time is usually an indication of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements describes a relationship between alcohol intake and fetal development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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