Question 1

Which is the most accurate statement regarding the causes of intellectual disability?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is caused by genetics.
B)   It has four known causes.
C)   It is caused by either substances or trauma.
D)   It has hundreds of known causes.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

One of the most characteristic patterns for children with autistic disorder is that they are generally

Accepted Answer

A)   uninterested in people.
B)   very intelligent.
C)   extremely talkative.
D)   hyperactive.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

Based on the research of Lovaas (1987) , improvements in the intellectual and educational functioning of autistic children have been documented for intervention programs that

Accepted Answer

A)   use a group therapy model.
B)   provide multiple therapists.
C)   meet for 40 hours or more per week.
D)   are school based.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention
B)   Inattention, distraction, hyperactivity
C)   Inattention, impulsivity, distraction
D)   Hypervigilance, increased startle, and distractionE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that

Accepted Answer

A)   medications are most effective when administered at an early stage of the disorder.
B)   skill deficits can be identified and addressed before they impact later development.
C)   family functioning often declines as the developmental disorder progresses.
D)   children are more receptive to therapy when they are young.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

The reason that "onset prior to age 18" is part of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the diagnosis indicates that the individual was affected during the developmental period.
B)   the diagnosis is not intended to include individuals who have suffered any form of brain damage.
C)   the diagnosis has legal implications for children.
D)   this diagnosis is reserved for children; other diagnostic terms are applied once the mentally retarded individual reaches the age of 18.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Down syndrome is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   an extra 21st chromosome.
B)   a missing 21st chromosome.
C)   lack of oxygen at birth.
D)   unknown influences.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Samantha is a sixth-grade girl who has great difficulty in school. She pays attention and works hard but appears to have trouble remembering facts and concepts that she has read about. Before we can determine whether Samantha has a learning disability, it is most important to know her .

Accepted Answer

A)   family history
B)   social skills
C)   math skills
D)   IQE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Discuss the DSM-5 criteria for intellectual disability and the controversy regarding descriptions of the different levels of this disorder.

Accepted Answer

There are three criteria for the diagnos...

Question 10

Intellectual disability is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   below-average intellectual ability.
B)   below-average intellectual ability and adaptive functioning.
C)   significant deficits in self-care abilities.
D)   low IQ score.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

All of the following side effects EXCEPT are associated some of the medications that are used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)   insomnia
B)   drowsiness
C)   irritability
D)   weight gainE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The goal of most modern therapy for people with autistic disorder is to

Accepted Answer

A)   have the child and family accept the inherent limitations of the disorder.
B)   provide a separate and secure environment for the individual.
C)   integrate the autistic child into regular society as much as possible.
D)   isolate autistic children in intensive therapy for as long as possible before attempting to introduce them into the larger world.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

In terms of the level of support that will be necessary for an autistic child, which factor is used as a predictor to determine the prognosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Age of onset
B)   Severity of initial symptoms
C)   Rate of symptom progression
D)   IQE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

An appropriate treatment goal for a child with autistic disorder

Accepted Answer

A)   resolution of all autistic symptoms by age 18.
B)   immediate cessation of ritualistic behaviors.
C)   development of normal social skills by age 18.
D)   reduction in tantrums and enhancement of communication skills.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Recent ADHD research has focused on endophenotypic correlates of

Accepted Answer

A)   specific attentional characteristics.
B)   emotional control.
C)   extraverted characteristics.
D)   environmental factors.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Research on the social skills of people with autistic disorder suggests that people with the condition

Accepted Answer

A)   are interested in socialization but do not know how to socialize.
B)   are not interested in socialization.
C)   enjoy social relationships but cannot express this joy.
D)   none of theseE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is necessary for symptoms to be present in

Accepted Answer

A)   both symptom clusters.
B)   the hyperactivity cluster.
C)   the area of impulsivity.
D)   either of the symptom categories.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which best describes the way attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  develops as children grow into adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children tend to outgrow ADHD.
B)   ADHD tends to evolve into more severe forms of pathology.
C)   Symptoms remain relatively stable throughout the lifespan for most individuals.
D)   Manifestations of ADHD tend to change over time but many problems often persist.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Which treatment approach has been most clearly documented as benefitting children with autistic disorder by helping to decrease agitation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pharmacological treatment
B)   Behavioral approaches
C)   School education
D)   Parent supportE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Current estimates (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013)  are that approximately children in the United States are being treated with stimulant medications.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 million
B)   4 million
C)   10 million
D)   14.5 millionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 14: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Samantha is a sixth-grade girl who has great difficulty in school. She pays attention and works hard but appears to have trouble remembering facts and concepts that she has read about. Before we can determine whether Samantha has a learning disability, it is most important to know her .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Current estimates (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013) are that approximately children in the United States are being treated with stimulant medications.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reason that "onset prior to age 18" is part of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following side effects EXCEPT are associated some of the medications that are used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most characteristic patterns for children with autistic disorder is that they are generally

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent ADHD research has focused on endophenotypic correlates of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it is necessary for symptoms to be present in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An appropriate treatment goal for a child with autistic disorder

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the most accurate statement regarding the causes of intellectual disability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the DSM-5 criteria for intellectual disability and the controversy regarding descriptions of the different levels of this disorder.

Correct AnswerverifiedThere are three criteria for the diagnos...View AnswerShow Answer

Down syndrome is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intellectual disability is defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of the level of support that will be necessary for an autistic child, which factor is used as a predictor to determine the prognosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which treatment approach has been most clearly documented as benefitting children with autistic disorder by helping to decrease agitation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The goal of most modern therapy for people with autistic disorder is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the research of Lovaas (1987) , improvements in the intellectual and educational functioning of autistic children have been documented for intervention programs that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the social skills of people with autistic disorder suggests that people with the condition

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which best describes the way attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) develops as children grow into adulthood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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There are three criteria for the diagnos...
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