Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding homosexuality BEST describes the view of the behavioral theorists when it comes to explaining the origin of homosexuality?

Accepted Answer

A)   In some cases, female homosexuality has been linked to prenatal exposure to abnormally high levels of androgens.
B)   There are anatomical differences in the brain between homosexual and heterosexual men.
C)   Homosexuality is a learned preference acquired when same-sex stimuli have been paired with sexual arousal.
D)   Identical twins of homosexual men are more likely to be homosexual than are fraternal twins of homosexual menE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 2

Which weight control theory proposes a more optimistic view for those hoping to lose weight?

Accepted Answer

A)   set point theory
B)   evolutionary theory
C)   settling point theory
D)   neither theory is more optimistic then any other others.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

According to David McClelland and his colleagues, what is of the utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

A)   the quality of their personal relationships
B)   the need for achievement
C)   the number of people they consider "friends"
D)   the size of their immediate familyE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

People high in the need for achievement prefer ____ tasks since these tasks provide an appropriate combination of probability of success and incentive value for success.

Accepted Answer

A)   extremely difficult
B)   moderately difficult
C)   moderately easy
D)   extremely easyE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

The set point for body weight refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   lowest possible weight at which the person can survive
B)   highest weight the person can attain by unrestricted eating
C)   person's current weight
D)   person's natural point of stability in body weightE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT associated with autonomic arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased heart rate
B)   sweaty palms or increased perspiration
C)   increased digestion
D)   dilation of pupilsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The ____ has been implicated in the process of pain related emotional distress.

Accepted Answer

A)   amygdala
B)   cingulated cortex
C)   temporal lobe
D)   prefrontal cortexE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

According to parental investment theory, human males can maximize their reproductive potential by

Accepted Answer

A)   actively contributing to the care of their offspring.
B)   seeking partners who have strength and agility.
C)   being highly selective in mating.
D)   mating with as many females as possible.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

McClelland's research with achievement themes in popular literature and the later economic success of a society suggested

Accepted Answer

A)   a positive relationship between story achievement themes and later economic success.
B)   no relationship between story themes and economic activity.
C)   a negative relationship between story themes and economic activity.
D)   none of these things.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about polygraphs is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Polygraphs can detect lying with almost 100 percent accuracy.
B)   Polygraphs can detect emotionality that accompanies lying some of the time, but with a high error rate.
C)   Polygraphs cannot detect emotionality at all.
D)   Polygraphs can detect positive emotional states with a high degree of accuracy and negative emotional states with a low degree of accuracy.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

During which phase of the human sexual response are male-female gender differences MOST pronounced?

Accepted Answer

A)   excitement phase
B)   plateau phase
C)   orgasm phase
D)   resolution phaseE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Imagine that a sociologist had been tracking the patent index in a developing country for the past 30 years. Over that time, the number of patents applied for has been steadily increasing. Based on David McClelland's work, it is likely that this country's need for achievement will

Accepted Answer

A)   also have steadily increased over the past 30 years.
B)   have shown a steady decline over the past 30 years.
C)   not have changed over the past 30 years.
D)   have fluctuated randomly over the past 30 years.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Penile erection in males and the swelling of the clitoris in females is due to

Accepted Answer

A)   muscular contractions.
B)   engorgement of blood vessels.
C)   increased blood pressure.
D)   decrease in respiration.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding exposure to erotic material is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most evidence demonstrates a strong association between use of pornography and committing sex crimes.
B)   Sexual desire reaches a peak during the exposure, and then quickly abates.
C)   It increases the likelihood of sexual activity for a few hours after the exposure.
D)   Viewing erotic materials makes most people more adventurous in their own sexual interactions.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

A laboratory rat has had part of its hypothalamus destroyed by lesioning. The rat seems to have lost all interest in food and is starving itself, even though there is food available. In this case, it would appear that portions of the

Accepted Answer

A)   lateral hypothalamus have been destroyed.
B)   ventromedial hypothalamus have been destroyed.
C)   parvocellular hypothalamus have been destroyed.
D)   magnocellular hypothalamus have been destroyed.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Research on gender differences in mate preferences has found that

Accepted Answer

A)   women are indifferent to men's potential for parental investment.
B)   men favorably disposed to investing in children are seen as more attractive.
C)   women favorably disposed to investing in children are seen as more attractive.
D)   men pay more attention to a potential partner's willingness to invest in children.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Research concerning the upbringing and childhood experiences of homosexuals has NOT supported ____ theories.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalytic and behavioral
B)   psychoanalytic and biological
C)   behavioral and biological
D)   biological and cognitiveE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females

Accepted Answer

A)   make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
B)   do not make significant personal investments to produce and nurture offspring.
C)   may develop different mating strategies.
D)   develop similar mating strategies.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the sexual cycle studied by Masters and Johnson is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Orgasm is quite different in males and females.
B)   During the refractory period, men cannot experience another orgasm.
C)   The excitement phase occurs much more rapidly in women than in men.
D)   The plateau phase involves a decrease in bodily functions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

People high in achievement motivation show all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   a tendency to respond poorly to negative feedback.
B)   a tendency to delay gratification in order to pursue long-term goals.
C)   a tendency to work hard on tasks.
D)   a tendency to be persistent on tasks.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 19: Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Parental investment theory suggests that males and females

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding exposure to erotic material is MOST accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding homosexuality BEST describes the view of the behavioral theorists when it comes to explaining the origin of homosexuality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about polygraphs is MOST accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to parental investment theory, human males can maximize their reproductive potential by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on gender differences in mate preferences has found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to David McClelland and his colleagues, what is of the utmost importance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The set point for body weight refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Penile erection in males and the swelling of the clitoris in females is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ____ has been implicated in the process of pain related emotional distress.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that a sociologist had been tracking the patent index in a developing country for the past 30 years. Over that time, the number of patents applied for has been steadily increasing. Based on David McClelland's work, it is likely that this country's need for achievement will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A laboratory rat has had part of its hypothalamus destroyed by lesioning. The rat seems to have lost all interest in food and is starving itself, even though there is food available. In this case, it would appear that portions of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research concerning the upbringing and childhood experiences of homosexuals has NOT supported ____ theories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People high in the need for achievement prefer ____ tasks since these tasks provide an appropriate combination of probability of success and incentive value for success.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT associated with autonomic arousal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

McClelland's research with achievement themes in popular literature and the later economic success of a society suggested

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the sexual cycle studied by Masters and Johnson is most accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which weight control theory proposes a more optimistic view for those hoping to lose weight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People high in achievement motivation show all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which phase of the human sexual response are male-female gender differences MOST pronounced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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