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Exam 22: Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Based on the research into the effects of hormones on behavior, you should predict that a boy who had an endocrine disorder that caused underproduction of androgens (male hormones) would have

A) elevated scores on measures of spatial ability.
B) reduced scores on measures of creativity.
C) elevated scores on measures of verbal skills.
D) reduced scores on measures of leadership skills.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Question 42

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Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

A) Grade school teachers tend to scold girls more often than boys.
B) Girls typically receive more pressure to behave in gender-appropriate ways than boys do.
C) On TV, physical attractiveness is more important for women than for men.
D) Parents' attitudes have very little influence on the gender roles acquired by their children.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Question 43

Multiple Choice

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Elderly individuals are MOSTlikely to experience memory problems associated with

Cognitive theories of gender role development emphasize

Which of the following factors tends to be accompanied by a drop in ratings of marital satisfaction?

Harry has always been a vital and active individual, however recently he has begun having difficulty remembering newly learned information after brief periods of time. What disorder are his symptoms indicative of?

In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, the neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are largely centered in the

Which of the following is the safest statement to make regarding the origin of gender differences?

The suggestion that the ____________________ cortex, characterized as the "executive control center" of the brain, appears to be the last area of the brain to fully mature has been used as a possible explanation for why ____________________ behavior peaks during adolescence.

Females exposed prenatally to abnormally high levels of androgens tend to exhibit

Typically, individuals concerned with the crisis of initiative versus guilt are in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

Once children discover that their gender is permanent, they are likely to want to engage in behavior that is "sex appropriate" as defined by their culture. This process is referred to as:

The fact that babies can hold their head up before they can first sit up is an example of the ____________________ trend in motor development.

Charla is 16 years old, but when people ask her what she wants to do when she finishes school, she tells them she hasn't really given it much thought. She is convinced there is lots of time before she even needs to begin thinking about her various career options. According to James Marcia, Charla would be considered to be in a state of identity diffusion.

In recent decades, the age at which individuals marry for the first time has

Gender roles tend to be

A child in the early sensorimotor period is shown a ball, which she watches intensely. The ball is then hidden under a pillow. What will the child do?

In women, menopause typically occurs around age

Describe the four stages of cognitive development proposed by Jean Piaget, and discuss the major developmental changes associated with each of the stages.

Research indicates that there are genuine (although often small) gender differences in verbal ability, mathematical ability, spatial ability, aggression, and nonverbal communication. There is also some evidence that biological differences between the sexes in hormone levels and brain organization contribute to some or all of these behavioral differences. Adopt a functionalist/evolutionary perspective, and discuss why these biological differences and their consequent behavioral differences might exist.